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Biology: Genetics Key Words

This will cover:

Keywords

Keywords:

• DNA – Shaped like a double helix, molecule containing genes

• Chromosome – Are found in the nucleus. Are an X shape.

• Gene – Selection of DNA molecule.

• Allele – A pair of the same genes.

• Dominant – Applies to a gene or allele. The dominant gene always determines which characteristics appear.

• Recessive – The opposite of a dominant gene. Only with two recessive genes (or alleles) can a recessive characteristic appear.

• Homozygous – Where two alleles are either dominant or recessive.

• Heterozygous – Where one allele is dominant and one is recessive.

• Genotype – A description of genes

• Phenotype – A description of what the genes do... IE what hair colour.

• Mitosis – Process of cell division, one cell will split into two identical cells.

• Meiosis – Process of cell division which where a sperm or egg are produced. Half the normal number of chromosome. Only produced in the ovaries or testies.

• Diploid – description of cells which have all 46 chromosome.

• Haploid – description of cells which have half the number of chromosome (23).

• Gamete – A sperm cell or an egg cell.

• Zygote – name for newly formed human life, just after conception.

TIP: Write each keyword and its meaning onto flash cards and

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